FINE BREED ACADEMYTOPIC: Communication Systems(Continuation)
OBJECTIVE:
By the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
Define telecommunications and explain Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN).
Identify and describe landline and mobile phone systems (GSM).
Explain how Circuit Switched Packet Telephone Systems (CSPI) operate.
Describe satellite and fixed wireless telephone systems.
Differentiate between the various telecommunication systems and state their uses.
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
Telecommunications is the exchange of information over significant distances using electronic medium such as telephones, cables, telegraph, etc. it is any system that is used for communicating over distances.
Units of Telecommunication
1.A basic telecommunication system consists of three primary units that are always present in some form:
2.A transmitter that takes information and convert it to a signal
3.A transmission medium, also called the 'physical channel, that carries the signal
4.A receiver that takes the signal from the channel and converts it back into usable. information.
TYPES OF TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
(1) Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) (Landline)
(ii) Mobile Phone System (GSM)
(III) Circuit Switched Packet Telephone Systems (CSPI)
(iv) Satellite Telephone System
(V) Fixed Wireless Telephone System
PUBLIC SWITCHED TELEPHONE NETWORK (LANDLINE)
PSTN is the network which allows any telephone in the world to communicate. It consists of telephone lines, fibre optic cables, microwave transmission links, cellular networks and any other.
MOBILE PHONE SYSTEM (GSM)
This is also known as the Global System for Mobile communications (GSM). GSM is a digital cellular phone technology based on time division multiple access (IDMA). GSM digitizes and compresses data, then sends through a channel with two other streams of user data, each in its own time slot The GSM can be used for voice communications, text messaging, data transfer, etc.
CIRCUIT SWITCHED PACKET TELEPHONE (CSPT)
Circuit Switching is a telecommunications technology by which two network nodes establish a dedicated communications channel (Circuit) before the nodes may communicate. The circuit remains connected for the duration of the communication session. The circuit functions as if the nodes were physically connected as with an electrical circuit.
Satellite Telephone System
This is a type of mobile phone that connects to orbiting satellites unlike mobile phones that get their signals from a typical mast. An example of this device is Thuraya They provide similar functionality to mobile telephones; voice, short messaging sent access are supported through most systems. service and low-bandwidth internet
Fixed Wireless Telephone System
Fixed wireless refers to wireless devices or systems that are situated in fixed locations, such as an office or home, unlike mobile devices like cell phones and PDAs. They do not require cables or wires for transmission of data; they transmit signals through the air.
The advantages of fixed wireless include the ability to connect with users in remote areas without the need for laying new cables and the capacity for broadband width that is not impeded by fiber or cable capacities.
Examples of fixed wireless telephone system operators in Nigeria are: Multilinks, Starcomms, Zoom and Visatone
This terminal provides access for up to five pieces of standard telephone equipment to the cellular telephone network. It can include a voice normal telephone, a FAX machine or a modem equipped computer. (Image courtesy Telular Corp)
ASSIGNMENT
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Telecommunications involves the exchange of information over significant distances using
(a) Radio waves
(b) Postal services
(c) Electronic mediums
(d) Smoke signals
2. Which unit of a basic telecommunication system converts information into a signal?
(a) Receiver
(b) I ransmission medium
(c) Transmitter
(d) Signal processor
3. GSM stands for:
(a) Global Satellite Messaging
(b) General System for Messaging
(c) Global System for Mobile communications
(d) General Satellite Mobile
4. Circuit Switching technology establishes a dedicated communications channel
(a) After the nodes communicate
(b) Before the nodes communicate
(c) During the communication session
(d) Occasionally during communication
5. Satellite Telephone Systems differ from traditional mobile phones in that they:
(a)Use only land-based towers
(b) Connect to orbiting satellites
(c) Require physical cables for signal
(d) Are used exclusively for text messaging
THEORY
1. Explain the three primary units of a basic telecommunication system.
2. What is the role of the receiver in telecommunication?
3. Differentiate between GSM and Circuit Switching technologies