FINE BREED ACADEMYMeaning and components of physical fitness
For an individual to live well and enjoy his site daly, he needs to be physically fit.
Objectives
At the end of this lesson, you should be able
to:
Explain the meaning of physical fitness
List the components of physical fitness.
Mention the characteristics of a physically fit person
State the importance of physical fit-ness
Differentiate between health-related and performance-related components of physical fitness
Meaning of physical fitness
Physical fitness is the ability of an individual carry out daily activities or a given task without undue or unnecessary fatigue or bredness, and still have enough energy in reserve for any emergency activity.
Physical fitness is all about one's physical capacity to do any physical task or activity. It is an aspect of total fitness.
Total fitness or health is the ability of an individual to live a well-balanced life physically, mentally, emotionally and socially
Components of physical fitness
Components of physical fitness are the qualities, attributes, or characteristics an Individual needs to possess to be physically fit
The components of physical fitness are classified into
1 Health-related component
2. Performance-related component
Health-related components of physical fitness
These are physical fitness components needed to live a healthy life. They are:
1. Flexibility
2. Resistance to diseases
3. Body composition
4. Cardiovascular/cardio respiratory endu-rance
5. Power
6. Muscular strength
7 Muscular endurance
1. Flexibility: Flexibility is the range of motion or movement within a joint.
2. Resistance to diseases: This is the capacity of the body to withstand or overcome diseases.
3. Body composition: This is the physical shape of a person, which is dependent on the make up of the body cells (somatotype). It refers to how muscular or thin the body is.
4. Cardiovascular/cardiorespiratong enduranor. This is the ability of the circulatory system (heart, blood and blood vessels) and the respiratory sys tem lungs, wind pipe and intercostal muscles) to supply oxygen to all the body systems and alse to utilise oxygen during a vigorous and prolonged physical activity.
5. Muscular strength: This is the ability Muscular strength of a group of muscles to overcome resistance in one masimum contraction. It is applying an explosive force against a resistance in one contraction by a group of muscles.
6. Muscular endurance: This is the ability of a group of muscles to contract over a longer period of time. It also refers to the ability of a group of muscles to persist in vigorous physical activity for a very long period of time
7 . Power: This is the ability to apply force rapidly or to release energy at a specte moment.
Performance-related components of physical fitness
The performance-related components d physical fitness needed to excel in spons are:
Coordination
Agility
Balance
Reaction time
Speed
Accuracy
1.Coordination: This is the ability of
the different parts of the body to work sequentially in order. It is the ability of the different parts of the body to work together to make meaningful movement.
2. Agility: This is the ability to change body position quickly in different directions.
3. Balance: This is the ability of the body to move or fernain stable in a certain position without faltering or falling
4. Reaction time: This is the ability to respond quickly to stimulus. It is the time between the stimulation of the body and reaction to the stimulation.
5. Speed: This is the ability to move quickly over a given distance within a short period of time. It is the time used to cover a given distance.
6. Accuracy: This is the ability to hit at a target consistently
Importance of physical fitness
1.Physical fitness helps us to prevent accidents
2. It enhances the distribution of oxygen
within the body.
3. It reduces high blood pressure
4. It improves good muscle tone
5. Physical fitness helps digestion.
6. It improves resistance to diseases.
7. It helps individuals to live their daily lives
efficiently
8. It helps the body to reduce excess fat and control obesity.
9. It relieves stress and nervous tension.
10. It Improves our understanding of others.
11. It helps people to respect others.
12. It makes an individual look attractive and beautiful.
Characteristics of a physically fit person
Someone who is physically fit:
1 Can do his daily duties without getting
tired unnecessarily.
2. Has a good posture.
3. Lives his daily life efficiently.
4. Enjoys life, games and social activities.
5. Has a good appetite and feeds well.
6. Is able to resist diseases and infections.
7. Is agile, and escapes falls and injuries.
Summary
In this lesson, you have learnt that:
1. To enjoy life and live well, a person has to be physically fit.
2 Physical fitness is the ability of an individual to carry out daily activities without undue fatigue or tiredness
3. There are two components of physical fitness bealth related and performance related components
4. Physical fitness helps us to prevent accidents, reduces high blood pressure, improves our understanding of others and improves good muscle tone, among other things
5. Someone who is physically fit has a good posture, is agile and is able to resist disease and infections, among other things
ASSIGNMENT
1 What is physical fitness?
2. List four health-related components of physical fitness
3. List four performance-related compo-nents of physical fitness.
4. Mention three characteristics of someone who is physically fit.
5. Give four ways in which physical fitness is important.